The Camera
During my time studying photography, I have learnt a lot about the camera and all the different effects.
During my time studying photography, I have learnt a lot about the camera and all the different effects.
Depth of field
Depth of field is the amount of distance between the nearest and farthest objects that appear in acceptably sharp focus in a photograph using a shallow depth of field to render your background out of focus will make your focal point stand out as well as enhancing your image with pleasing out of focus areas.
A camera can only focus its lens at a single point, but there will be an area that stretches in front of and behind this focus point that still appears sharp.
Shallow depth of field
The dragonfly in picture 1 has been isolated from its chaotic surroundings by using shallow depth of field. By using shallow depth of field the distracting background is blurred and only the dragonfly appears sharp. Viewers eyes concentrate first on the sharp areas of the photo and so the dragonfly gets all the attention.
The dragonfly in picture 1 has been isolated from its chaotic surroundings by using shallow depth of field. By using shallow depth of field the distracting background is blurred and only the dragonfly appears sharp. Viewers eyes concentrate first on the sharp areas of the photo and so the dragonfly gets all the attention.
Large depth of field
Usually it is good for landscape photos if all parts of the image appear sharp. There is usually no need to isolate elements by utilizing the depth of field in the landscape photos. All around sharp photo can be achieved by using large depth of field. In order to get large depth of field you should use rather small aperture. This also means that you must decrease the shutter speed. Therefore it's often necessary to use tripod when taking landscape photos.
Usually it is good for landscape photos if all parts of the image appear sharp. There is usually no need to isolate elements by utilizing the depth of field in the landscape photos. All around sharp photo can be achieved by using large depth of field. In order to get large depth of field you should use rather small aperture. This also means that you must decrease the shutter speed. Therefore it's often necessary to use tripod when taking landscape photos.
F Stop and aperture.
If a F stop is small and the aperture is wide, there will be a small depth of field. If the F stop is big and the aperture is smaller, there would be a larger depth of field. The smaller the F stop the bigger the aperture. In the image it shows the top one f/16 the image has a smaller aperture with a bigger F stop causing the picture to be darker. The bottom one f/1.4 the aperture is wider and the F stop is lower this allows more light in the image. F-stop or simply aperture is the ratio of the focal length of the lens to the size of the aperture. This kind of measurement is used because a given focal ratio produces the same image brightness, requiring the same shutter speed for a given ISO setting without regard to focal length.
Exposure
Exposure is the amount of light collected by the sensor in your camera during a single picture. If the shot is exposed too long the photograph will be washed out. If the shot is exposed too short the photograph will appear too dark.
Large aperture + Slow shutter speed = Overexposure
In this photo there is overexposure meaning when too much light enters the lens. This causes aspects of the photo to be burned out. The image comes out light and washed out. You can avoid over-exposed photos by adjusting to a faster the shutter time (1/500 instead of 1/250), a smaller aperture (f/5.6 instead of f/2.8), a lower ISO value (ISO 100 instead of ISO 400).
In this photo there is overexposure meaning when too much light enters the lens. This causes aspects of the photo to be burned out. The image comes out light and washed out. You can avoid over-exposed photos by adjusting to a faster the shutter time (1/500 instead of 1/250), a smaller aperture (f/5.6 instead of f/2.8), a lower ISO value (ISO 100 instead of ISO 400).
Small aperture + Super fast shutter speed = Underexposure
This is my own photo. This image has underexposure, this happens when too little light reaches the film or sensor. The results of an under-exposed image in light painting photography are a dark image. This usually happens when your aperture is too small or when your shutter speed is too fast. In most cases, underexposure is tied to an overly fast shutter speed. If you take a picture at 1/2000 sec
This is my own photo. This image has underexposure, this happens when too little light reaches the film or sensor. The results of an under-exposed image in light painting photography are a dark image. This usually happens when your aperture is too small or when your shutter speed is too fast. In most cases, underexposure is tied to an overly fast shutter speed. If you take a picture at 1/2000 sec
Rule of thirds/power-spots.
The rule of thirds is probably the most often referenced photography rule of composition. It is all about subject placement within the frame.
Imagine a 3x3 grid across a photograph. The best focal points for a subject is at the intersection of these lines. If you want something in focus then you put the power-spot on the object. To use the rule of thirds you need to imagine the grid on all of your images as you compose them in the viewfinder. Which point or line you place your subject on does matter. While any of the points/lines will add emphasis to your subject, some are stronger than others.
White Balance
Auto- This is where the camera makes a best guess on a shot by shot basis. You'll find it works in many situations but its worth venturing out of it for trickier lighting.
Tungsten- This mode is usually symbolized with a little bulb and is for shooting indoors, especially under tungsten(incandescent) lighting (such as bulb lighting). It generally cools down the colours in photos.
Fluorescent- This compensates for the 'cool' light of fluorescent light and will warm up your shots.
Daylight/sunny- Not all cameras have this setting because it sets things as fairly normal white balance.
Cloudy- This setting generally clears things up a touch more than daylight mode.
Flash- The flash of the cameras can be quite a cool light so in flash WB mode. The flash also make the picture clearer and sometimes shows more detail within the picture.
Shadow- The light in shade is generally cooler (bluer) than shooting in direct sunlight so this mode will warm things up a little.
Auto- This is where the camera makes a best guess on a shot by shot basis. You'll find it works in many situations but its worth venturing out of it for trickier lighting.
Tungsten- This mode is usually symbolized with a little bulb and is for shooting indoors, especially under tungsten(incandescent) lighting (such as bulb lighting). It generally cools down the colours in photos.
Fluorescent- This compensates for the 'cool' light of fluorescent light and will warm up your shots.
Daylight/sunny- Not all cameras have this setting because it sets things as fairly normal white balance.
Cloudy- This setting generally clears things up a touch more than daylight mode.
Flash- The flash of the cameras can be quite a cool light so in flash WB mode. The flash also make the picture clearer and sometimes shows more detail within the picture.
Shadow- The light in shade is generally cooler (bluer) than shooting in direct sunlight so this mode will warm things up a little.
ISO
ISO is the measurement of how sensitive a digital camera's sensor is to light. The speed or light-sensitivity of a digital camera's sensor is rated in ISO numbers -- the lower the number, the slower the response to light.
ISO is similar to film speed on film cameras. Unlike aperture and shutter speed, ISO doesn't control how much light enters the camera, but instead controls how sensitive the camera is to that light. The lower the ISO, the less sensitive the camera is. In other words, a lower ISO will require more light to properly expose a picture than a higher ISO.
ISO is the measurement of how sensitive a digital camera's sensor is to light. The speed or light-sensitivity of a digital camera's sensor is rated in ISO numbers -- the lower the number, the slower the response to light.
ISO is similar to film speed on film cameras. Unlike aperture and shutter speed, ISO doesn't control how much light enters the camera, but instead controls how sensitive the camera is to that light. The lower the ISO, the less sensitive the camera is. In other words, a lower ISO will require more light to properly expose a picture than a higher ISO.
Shutter Speed
Shutter speed is a setting on your camera which controls the length of time the shutter is open, allowing light through the lens to the sensor inside your camera. Shutter speeds can go from very small fractions of a second, to several seconds long on most cameras.It is a measure of how long your camera’s sensors exposed to light.
On a very bright day when there is a lot of light, if you allow the shutter to be open for too long then too much light will get to the sensor. When this happens you end up with pictures that are very pale and almost all white. This is known as being Over Exposed.